This requires an algorithm: students are taught to stack one number atop another and multiply each digit of the bottom number ...

Probabilistic models, such as hidden Markov models or Bayesian networks, are commonly used to model biological data. Much of their popularity can be attributed to the existence of efficient and robust ...

Abstract: A class of hybrid optimal control problems (HOCP) for systems with controlled and autonomous location transitions is formulated and a set of necessary conditions for hybrid system trajectory ...