Understanding leadership theories and how they are affected by an organization's hierarchical structure helps executives develop useful tools to build and strengthen teams. Vertical strategies look ...

For decades, vertical integration meant ownership. According to Michael E. Porter's seminal work Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance, companies sought to reduce costs, ...

A version of this article appeared in the Autumn 2015 issue of strategy+business. “Owning the value chain” was a favorite strategy in the early part of last century. Companies sought advantage by ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Vertical integration makes sense as a strategy, as it allows a company to reduce costs across various parts of production, ensures tighter quality control, and ensures a better flow and control of ...

Companies that pursue a horizontal acquisition strategy take over or merge with companies in a similar market sector and at the same stage of production. The aim is to acquire additional products or ...

Discover when outsourcing beats vertical integration in reducing costs and boosting efficiency. Learn which strategy aligns ...

Joby has developed most of the key components for its S4 air taxi in-house. Credit: Joby Aviation In many ways, Archer Aviation and Joby Aviation are highly similar startups. The two front-runners in ...