Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) have emerged as versatile tools for the detection and quantification of specific ions in complex matrices. Their inherent ability to convert ion activity into ...

Food scientists, agronomists, and chemists frequently need to know the amount of calcium present in a variety of solutions. Different solutions, however, may require different electrodes. A new ...

Electroanalytical techniques use electrical quantities such as charge, current, or potential and measure their relations with chemical parameters. This field involves studying chemical reaction ...

Although the known photometric techniques for the calculation of ammonia are accurate, they take up a substantial amount of time (Nessler technique 30 min, indophenol technique 90 min reaction time).

For the purpose of blood analyses and industrial tests, it is often necessary to measure the concentration of specific ions. At present, the relevant devices are large and cannot be produced at low ...

(A) Schematic of CA definitions: θ (surface parallel), θa (advancing), and θr (receding) on a 90° inclined plane. CAs provide insights into hydrophilicity and wettability. (B) Sensor materials: CNTF ...

The number of ions belonging to different elements within a sample can tell a lot. In beverages and foods, different ions have specific limits established to ensure a minimum nutrient content is ...